100 Years in Pictures

Belle SherwinFrank H. and Nancy L. Porter FundMOCA ClevelandThe gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University CircleCleveland Institute of ArtAlbert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.Vietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.The March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens A greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress Steven A. MinterCarl W. BrandCleveland OrchestraArchitectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 1971Wade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub GroundWorks Dance TheaterThe Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineThe original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell Road2007: Great Lakes Theater FestivalStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 Upper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.Playhouse Square, c. 1969The Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.Aretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFestThe bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Barbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.The Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administrationCleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.Ralph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Goff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. Mort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.Fostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suitThe reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.1998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic RailroadAlfred M. Rankin Jr.A “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John Morell1996: Dunham Tavern Museum1976: Cleveland Play HouseCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The NutcrackerCleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherPlanning model of Cleveland, c. 1960The cast of Nicholas NicklebyA. E. Convers FundJohn L. McChordSustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtPalace Theatre lobbyCleveland Play House2000: Therapeutic Riding CenterDetroit ShorewayLeyton E. CarterThe Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in Bratenahl2002: Cleveland Institute of MusicVice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.Presbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.1994: Great Lakes Science MuseumThe Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.2006: MOCA ClevelandCleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.The Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.On December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.F. James and Rita Rechin FundCleveland Museum of ArtFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).Innovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitor2000: Cleveland Zoological SocietyNeighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhoodSlavic VillageAn owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundryLinking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.Barbara Haas RawsonProgressive Field at Gateway2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsIn 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.Advocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern OhioLakeview TerraceSupport for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crashTitle VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.MAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquorsNew Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli SundellRobert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.Projects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. Edgewater Park under state stewardshipKatharine Holden Thayer by Cindy NaegeleCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteFred S. McConnellA new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.George and Janet VoinovichOn his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.MAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.Ivan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.1972: Huron Road MallMayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentLexington Village1959: Cleveland Institute of MusicBusiness attraction: The Global Center for Health InnovationThe foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.1973: Severance Hall1956: Cleveland Institute of Art1991: Hathaway Brown SchoolCommunityFoundationAtlas.org website1985: Cleveland State UniversityThe issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.Charles P. BoltonOhio CityThe State TheatreFlotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkWelcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. Treu-Mart FundEllwood H. Fisher2010: Hawken SchoolFrances Southworth GoffHolsey Gates HandysideGlenville High School students, 1914Tom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. 2010: Case Western Reserve University1986: Cain ParkJames D. WilliamsonAn examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicClean water advocates, 1968An assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineJohn J. DwyerKucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 1977Catharine Monroe LewisBarack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 2007Cleveland BalletJohn Sherwin Jr.Global Cleveland’s welcome centerContaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965The Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingThe Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 1938Sherwick FundAndrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.The Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. The formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east sideAnisfield-Wolf Book AwardsEntrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, OhioChester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.Although the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.TremontMOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.1964: Garden Center of Greater Cleveland1997: Cleveland Clinic Foundation2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child DevelopmentManchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.Harold T. ClarkPrivately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central cityProtest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the rise1982: The TempleMalvin E. BankMalcolm L. McBrideAn east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregation2005: ideastream1976: Sokol HallMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 Circle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.Harry Coulby Funds2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationHalprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” Gordon Park in its heydayUptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.Church Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.A satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.The multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. Dispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.Euclid Avenue, looking east, c. 1910Cleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductCleveland Film SocietyAdam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin College1984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and PropertiesHalprin worksheetAddressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 1929The Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerMembers of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. BurkeJ. Kimball JohnsonA new generation of Circle fans1996: Old Stone ChurchCarl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration Goff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.Kenneth W. Clement M.D.Grand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 19371961: Benjamin Rose InstituteRaymond C. MoleyInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico City2004: The Gathering Place1967: Blossom Music CenterCleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933The RetreatSophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET client2004: Cleveland Museum of ArtHarry Goldblatt, M.D.John SherwinSinging AngelsTri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 1980Graduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 2012Kent H. SmithParticipants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Proposed townhomes for East 118th StreetCaptain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.University Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.1982: Cleveland Institute of ArtThe foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.2001: Cleveland Botanical GardenSPACESJames R. GarfieldArtist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little ItalyThe restored Hungarian Cultural Garden1999: Western Reserve Historical SocietyNancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchCleveland Institute of MusicLeadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartmentsUnder the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.Frederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923Cleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsWade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music seriesRaymond Q. ArmingtonFrances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partnerRichard W. PogueJames A. Norton27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University CircleJacqueline F. WoodsCarlton K. MatsonH. Stuart HarrisonAfter their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.Foundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop. First grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.The 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditoriumBy 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.Great Lakes Theater FestivalHunter MorrisonOhio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012The West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.Cleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyStokes with his brother Louis (left)Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumGoff in a rare moment of leisureDonald and Ruth GoodmanA landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.Dancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.The foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.Cleveland Public ArtHomer C. WadsworthThe Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.Michael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.David GoldbergCleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.Tri-C groundbreaking, 1966The Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.L. Dale Dorney FundA burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. Institute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929The passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956Karamu House1986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumDr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.Cool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadyThe NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing 2002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterNewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.Commencement at Tri-C, 19751968: Holden ArboretumBusiness growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamTri-C JazzFest, 1993Ronald B. RichardThe East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development Corporation1981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater ClevelandStanley C. PaceJames A. RatnerEvergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panels2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtThe grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 19901968: Karamu HouseThe Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical SocietySt. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland Avenue1957: Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryLAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public SquareLake-Geauga FundDancing WheelsMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.Cleveland OrchestraFairfaxCleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.R. M. Fischer’s Sports Stacks1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural ArtsCharles A. RatnerMAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. Green City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.Hough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.To date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.Apollo’s FireGreen City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. Sold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the CircleGreat Lakes Science Center