100 Years in Pictures

1984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and PropertiesJ. Kimball JohnsonDancing WheelsRobert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.The Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administration1982: The TempleThe bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Barbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.Steven A. Minter1982: Cleveland Institute of ArtGordon Park in its heydayFairfaxWelcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. Great Lakes Theater FestivalLakeview Terrace1985: Cleveland State UniversityThe West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural Arts2005: ideastreamJohn Sherwin Jr.NewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.Barbara Haas RawsonEuclid Avenue, looking east, c. 19101986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumFrank H. and Nancy L. Porter FundTreu-Mart Fund27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University CircleThe Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.2000: Cleveland Zoological SocietyInnovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitorEdgewater Park under state stewardshipHalprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” The Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.Frederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923MAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquors1959: Cleveland Institute of Music2000: Therapeutic Riding CenterPlanning model of Cleveland, c. 1960The State TheatreKaramu HousePresbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.Under the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.Advocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern OhioJames A. RatnerCarlton K. MatsonMAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. 1986: Cain ParkWade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub LAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public SquareSupport for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crashAnisfield-Wolf Book Awards1991: Hathaway Brown SchoolFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).Leyton E. CarterThe multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. 2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationAndrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.The foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.1976: Cleveland Play HouseGeorge and Janet VoinovichCharles A. RatnerCatharine Monroe LewisGoff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. The reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.Business growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamCleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.Mayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentGroundWorks Dance TheaterGlenville High School students, 1914Harry Coulby FundsThe Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in BratenahlMOCA ClevelandManchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.The Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical SocietyClean water advocates, 1968Raymond C. MoleyDancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.The Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.1968: Holden ArboretumTri-C JazzFest, 1993The 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditoriumAretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFestAlbert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.Addressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 1929Fred S. McConnellAn east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregationJohn L. McChord1997: Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland Institute of MusicKatharine Holden Thayer by Cindy NaegeleCleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.James A. NortonCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The NutcrackerOn his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.Institute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929By 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.Cleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductVietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.A new generation of Circle fansThe Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteThe passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956Captain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.Cleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933Wade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music seriesMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 Barack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 20072010: Hawken SchoolArtist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little ItalyCleveland BalletFirst Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingThe original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell RoadThe Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineJames D. WilliamsonThe March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens Stanley C. PaceHough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.Progressive Field at GatewayMichael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.University Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.Protest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the riseSherwick FundCleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.Ohio CityStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 Leadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartmentsFirst grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.Tri-C groundbreaking, 1966Carl W. BrandCarl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration Ivan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.The cast of Nicholas Nickleby1967: Blossom Music CenterL. Dale Dorney Fund1998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad1976: Sokol HallAfter their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.The NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing 2007: Great Lakes Theater FestivalKenneth W. Clement M.D.Charles P. BoltonThe restored Hungarian Cultural GardenF. James and Rita Rechin FundOn December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.Cleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.1996: Dunham Tavern MuseumA “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John Morell2006: MOCA ClevelandHolsey Gates HandysideThe Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.In 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.Malvin E. BankA satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.MAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.Architectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 19712002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterHarry Goldblatt, M.D.Alfred M. Rankin Jr.Palace Theatre lobbyLinking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.The Retreat2002: Cleveland Institute of MusicCool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadySustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtSt. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland AvenueCleveland Orchestra1956: Cleveland Institute of ArtNew Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli Sundell1994: Great Lakes Science MuseumFostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suitFoundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop. 1973: Severance Hall1964: Garden Center of Greater ClevelandCleveland Institute of ArtEntrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, OhioThe Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 1938Dr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.Uptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.An examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicProjects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. A new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.1961: Benjamin Rose InstituteCleveland Film SocietyFlotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkCommencement at Tri-C, 1975Privately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central cityRock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumRichard W. PogueNeighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhoodAn assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineKent H. SmithProposed townhomes for East 118th Street2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtTom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. John J. DwyerThe grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 1990CommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteEvergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panelsA burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. Detroit ShorewayThe foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.Goff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.1996: Old Stone ChurchChurch Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.Dispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.Malcolm L. McBrideRalph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Cleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherThe Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.Business attraction: The Global Center for Health InnovationApollo’s Fire1972: Huron Road MallGoff in a rare moment of leisureOhio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012Members of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. BurkeStokes with his brother Louis (left)SPACESHomer C. WadsworthCleveland Museum of ArtTri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 19801981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater ClevelandThe Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.Halprin worksheetThe gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University CircleCleveland Play HouseAn owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundrySophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET clientHarold T. ClarkLake-Geauga FundGrand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 1937Chester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.1968: Karamu HouseTitle VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.2001: Cleveland Botanical GardenMort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.James R. GarfieldNancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchUpper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.A greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress The East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development CorporationGraduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 20122004: Cleveland Museum of ArtPlayhouse Square, c. 1969Cleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyHunter MorrisonR. M. Fischer’s Sports StacksTo date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.Contaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965The Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. Green City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. Frances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partnerParticipants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Slavic VillageInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico City1999: Western Reserve Historical Society2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child Development1957: Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryGreat Lakes Science CenterJacqueline F. WoodsCleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsDonald and Ruth Goodman2010: Case Western Reserve UniversityCircle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.Although the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.John SherwinA. E. Convers FundSinging AngelsDavid GoldbergThe foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.Ronald B. RichardMOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.H. Stuart HarrisonGlobal Cleveland’s welcome centerEllwood H. FisherLexington Village2004: The Gathering PlaceKucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 1977Sold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the Circle2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.Green City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.Cleveland OrchestraRaymond Q. ArmingtonVice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.The formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east sideFrances Southworth GoffTremontAdam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin CollegeCleveland Public ArtThe issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.Belle Sherwin