100 Years in Pictures

Artist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little Italy1981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater Cleveland1964: Garden Center of Greater ClevelandHarold T. ClarkHough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.LAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public SquareNancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchGreat Lakes Theater FestivalThe foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.The Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.Ralph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Upper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.Slavic VillageLake-Geauga FundCharles P. BoltonAfter their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.David GoldbergMalvin E. BankBy 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.The formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east sideCleveland Play HouseFrederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923Steven A. MinterCarl W. BrandAndrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural ArtsOhio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012MAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.NewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.Ohio CityAddressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 1929Graduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 2012James R. GarfieldAlbert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.Wade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub 2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtMalcolm L. McBrideSupport for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crash2007: Great Lakes Theater Festival2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child DevelopmentBusiness growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteChester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.Karamu HouseCleveland Institute of Music2004: The Gathering PlaceCleveland BalletNew Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli Sundell1999: Western Reserve Historical Society2000: Therapeutic Riding CenterDetroit ShorewayChurch Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.A burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. Fred S. McConnellCleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherFrances Southworth GoffA new generation of Circle fansFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).1982: Cleveland Institute of Art1986: Cain ParkMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 The grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 1990Palace Theatre lobbyUptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.Participants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Goff in a rare moment of leisureCaptain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.Alfred M. Rankin Jr.Raymond C. MoleyThe 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditoriumJohn Sherwin Jr.Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.The multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. Cleveland Film SocietyNeighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhoodAn examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicGreen City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. Protest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the riseAdvocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern OhioLakeview TerraceCleveland Orchestra1972: Huron Road MallThe original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell RoadEvergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panelsAnisfield-Wolf Book AwardsJ. Kimball JohnsonDancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.Although the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.On his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.Dancing WheelsAn owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundryStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 Great Lakes Science CenterEntrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, OhioMOCA ClevelandThe Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.A satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.Jacqueline F. WoodsFrances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partner1998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad1996: Dunham Tavern MuseumA. E. Convers FundGoff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.2004: Cleveland Museum of Art1968: Holden ArboretumMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.2002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterMOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.The Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.The foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.Ellwood H. FisherIn 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.1997: Cleveland Clinic FoundationHunter MorrisonInnovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitorSophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET clientFrank H. and Nancy L. Porter FundThe Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineCleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductVice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.John J. DwyerCleveland OrchestraBarbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.1961: Benjamin Rose Institute1967: Blossom Music Center1976: Cleveland Play HouseIvan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.Charles A. RatnerThe Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. Privately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central cityMAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquorsWade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music seriesCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteProgressive Field at GatewaySt. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland AvenueSinging Angels1982: The TempleThe passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956The reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.The Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerPlanning model of Cleveland, c. 1960Contaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965Global Cleveland’s welcome center2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsTreu-Mart FundGrand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 1937Ronald B. RichardGeorge and Janet VoinovichMichael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.A “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John MorellPlayhouse Square, c. 1969Aretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFest2001: Cleveland Botanical GardenL. Dale Dorney FundBarack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 2007Manchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.1994: Great Lakes Science MuseumUniversity Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.Apollo’s FireInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico CityMembers of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. BurkeJohn SherwinThe RetreatHarry Goldblatt, M.D.MAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. 1968: Karamu HouseCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The NutcrackerEuclid Avenue, looking east, c. 1910The State TheatreThe gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University CircleH. Stuart HarrisonArchitectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 1971Dr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.SPACESThe Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical SocietyWelcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. Kenneth W. Clement M.D.1986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumThe March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens Cleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsThe West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.Tri-C groundbreaking, 1966The restored Hungarian Cultural GardenCool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadyKucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 19772010: Case Western Reserve UniversityA new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.Dispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.Title VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.Cleveland Institute of ArtCleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933Stanley C. PaceThe Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administrationGroundWorks Dance Theater2000: Cleveland Zoological SocietyProjects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. FairfaxPresbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.Stokes with his brother Louis (left)First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingCleveland Public Art1984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and Properties1959: Cleveland Institute of MusicTri-C JazzFest, 1993Mayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentRichard W. PogueDonald and Ruth GoodmanProposed townhomes for East 118th StreetRaymond Q. ArmingtonThe Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.James A. NortonHarry Coulby FundsVietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.To date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.The Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.The issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.Cleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyHomer C. WadsworthSherwick FundRock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum1985: Cleveland State UniversityCarlton K. MatsonHalprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” Fostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suit2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationUnder the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.2010: Hawken School1976: Sokol HallGreen City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.The foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.Edgewater Park under state stewardshipAn assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineCleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.Kent H. SmithAn east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregationFirst grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.Mort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.2005: ideastreamFlotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkBarbara Haas RawsonR. M. Fischer’s Sports StacksCircle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.Leyton E. CarterThe bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Halprin worksheetRobert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.Cleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.Gordon Park in its heydayA greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin College1957: Cleveland Museum of Natural History27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University CircleGoff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. Katharine Holden Thayer by Cindy Naegele1996: Old Stone ChurchCatharine Monroe LewisA landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.1973: Severance HallTom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. 2006: MOCA ClevelandCarl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration Business attraction: The Global Center for Health InnovationInstitute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929The Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 1938F. James and Rita Rechin FundCommencement at Tri-C, 1975Sold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the CircleLeadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartmentsLinking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.James D. Williamson1956: Cleveland Institute of ArtGlenville High School students, 1914Sustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtLexington VillageCleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.Clean water advocates, 1968Tri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 1980The Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in BratenahlJohn L. McChordThe NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing Cleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.TremontHolsey Gates HandysideThe Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.The East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development CorporationFoundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop. Cleveland Museum of ArtJames A. RatnerOn December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.The cast of Nicholas NicklebyBelle Sherwin2002: Cleveland Institute of Music1991: Hathaway Brown School