100 Years in Pictures

Cleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.1985: Cleveland State UniversityGlenville High School students, 19142004: The Gathering PlaceGlobal Cleveland’s welcome centerMOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.Neighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhoodBarbara Haas RawsonHarry Goldblatt, M.D.The grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 19901986: Cain ParkCleveland Play HouseLeadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartmentsHarold T. Clark27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University Circle2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsThe formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east sideMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.Ivan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.2010: Case Western Reserve UniversityEuclid Avenue, looking east, c. 1910Hough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.Frances Southworth GoffPlanning model of Cleveland, c. 1960The original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell RoadSteven A. MinterDancing Wheels1976: Sokol HallJ. Kimball JohnsonSold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the CircleHunter MorrisonJames R. GarfieldGrand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 19371994: Great Lakes Science MuseumCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The NutcrackerSustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtThe NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing Fred S. McConnellInnovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitorMichael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.St. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland AvenueLakeview TerraceNewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.Apollo’s FireAn examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicGeorge and Janet VoinovichCleveland Public ArtUpper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.Flotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkProposed townhomes for East 118th StreetA satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.Artist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little ItalyCleveland Institute of ArtAlfred M. Rankin Jr.1973: Severance Hall1984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and PropertiesA. E. Convers FundTremontAn owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundryPalace Theatre lobby1964: Garden Center of Greater ClevelandEntrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, OhioAfter their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.Raymond Q. ArmingtonAn east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregationLake-Geauga FundThe foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.Cool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadyThe Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.The State TheatreAdam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin CollegeStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 By 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.Malcolm L. McBrideJames A. RatnerJohn J. DwyerAdvocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern OhioCatharine Monroe LewisLinking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.1999: Western Reserve Historical SocietyJohn Sherwin Jr.Architectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 1971Cleveland BalletMort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.SPACES1996: Dunham Tavern MuseumThe Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineCaptain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.Cleveland Institute of MusicJames D. WilliamsonRaymond C. MoleyBelle SherwinAnisfield-Wolf Book AwardsFirst grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.The issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.The Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administrationTo date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.The cast of Nicholas NicklebyCleveland OrchestraKenneth W. Clement M.D.A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.2001: Cleveland Botanical GardenLAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public Square1991: Hathaway Brown SchoolJacqueline F. WoodsTom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. The Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.2002: Cleveland Institute of MusicCleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.University Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationThe bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.Dancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.Vietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.1957: Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryBusiness attraction: The Global Center for Health Innovation2004: Cleveland Museum of ArtJames A. NortonTri-C groundbreaking, 1966Progressive Field at GatewayDetroit ShorewayUptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.Title VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.MAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural ArtsAlbert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.John L. McChordTreu-Mart Fund1961: Benjamin Rose InstituteSinging AngelsGreat Lakes Theater FestivalCarlton K. MatsonThe East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development CorporationContaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965Privately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central cityIn 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.Dispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.Institute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929Robert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.The Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 1938Cleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsFrederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923A new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.2000: Cleveland Zoological SocietyRalph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Cleveland OrchestraA “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John Morell1959: Cleveland Institute of MusicEllwood H. FisherA new generation of Circle fansF. James and Rita Rechin Fund1956: Cleveland Institute of ArtThe Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. The RetreatThe Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.Tri-C JazzFest, 1993Carl W. BrandFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.2006: MOCA ClevelandThe foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.1968: Holden ArboretumGordon Park in its heydayThe Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in BratenahlClean water advocates, 1968The West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.Barbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.Andrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.On his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.1968: Karamu HouseJohn SherwinPresbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.Dr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.Fostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suitManchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.2010: Hawken School1967: Blossom Music CenterChurch Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.Wade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music seriesFoundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop. Sherwick FundSlavic VillageOhio City2005: ideastreamThe restored Hungarian Cultural GardenLexington VillageThe gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University CircleLeyton E. CarterKent H. SmithRonald B. RichardBusiness growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamCarl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration Halprin worksheet2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child DevelopmentOhio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012Edgewater Park under state stewardshipWade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub Kucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 1977Evergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panelsFirst Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingThe reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.New Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli Sundell2000: Therapeutic Riding CenterStanley C. PaceThe multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. Goff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. R. M. Fischer’s Sports Stacks2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtMAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. Goff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.Karamu HouseGoff in a rare moment of leisure1982: The Temple1982: Cleveland Institute of ArtMayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentCleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductA burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. The 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditoriumFrances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partnerL. Dale Dorney Fund1996: Old Stone Church1997: Cleveland Clinic FoundationAddressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 19291972: Huron Road MallHomer C. WadsworthCleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyThe Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.Halprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” Cleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherCommencement at Tri-C, 1975The passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956Cleveland Museum of Art1986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumSupport for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crashMAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquorsAretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFestAlthough the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.On December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.Cleveland Film Society1981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater Cleveland2002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterCleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933Harry Coulby FundsPlayhouse Square, c. 1969Graduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 20121998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic RailroadRock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumThe foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.Katharine Holden Thayer by Cindy NaegeleAn assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineThe Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.The Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.Chester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.1976: Cleveland Play HouseInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico CityMembers of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. BurkeCircle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.Stokes with his brother Louis (left)Great Lakes Science CenterSophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET clientMalvin E. BankA greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress The March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens David GoldbergUnder the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.Charles P. BoltonH. Stuart HarrisonThe Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerWelcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. Green City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.Barack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 2007FairfaxGroundWorks Dance TheaterRichard W. PogueMOCA ClevelandThe Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical SocietyCharles A. RatnerParticipants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Cleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.Protest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the riseMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 Holsey Gates HandysideProjects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. Donald and Ruth GoodmanTri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 1980Cleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.Frank H. and Nancy L. Porter Fund2007: Great Lakes Theater FestivalGreen City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. Nancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteCommunityFoundationAtlas.org website